C++ fundamentals · Lesson 4 of 21

Conditions: if and switch

if/else, logical operators, switch and the ternary operator.

9 minutes2 games

if runs code when a condition is true, else if tries another, and else covers the rest. The condition goes in brackets and the code in { }.

C++

#include <iostream>

int main() {
    int score = 76;
    bool submittedProject = true;

    if (score >= 90) {
        std::cout << "Excellent\n";
    } else if (score >= 70 && submittedProject) {
        std::cout << "Passed with project\n";
    } else if (score >= 70) {
        std::cout << "Passed\n";
    } else {
        std::cout << "Try again\n";
    }
    return 0;
}

Operator	Meaning
a == b	equals
a != b	not equal
a && b	and (both true)
a \|\| b	or (at least one)
!a	not
c ? x : y	x if c is true, else y

switch

C++

#include <iostream>

int main() {
    char level = 'B';
    switch (level) {
        case 'A':
            std::cout << "Advanced\n";
            break;
        case 'B':
        case 'C':
            std::cout << "Intermediate\n";
            break;
        default:
            std::cout << "Beginner\n";
    }

    int xp = 120;
    std::cout << (xp >= 100 ? "level up" : "keep going") << "\n";
    return 0;
}

Spot the bug

With day = 6 the program prints two lines instead of one. Where's the problem?

Exercise

You have int n = 15. Print FizzBuzz if it divides by both 3 and 5, Fizz for 3 only, Buzz for 5 only, or the number itself.

Expected output: FizzBuzz

C++

#include <iostream>

int main() {
    int n = 15;
    
    return 0;
}

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